Is Quantum Field Theory ontologically interpretable? On localization, particles and fields in relativistic Quantum Theory

摘要

In this paper, I provide a formal set of assumptions and give a naturalcriterion for a quantum field theory to admit particles. I construct a na\"iveapproach to localization for a free bosonic quantum field theory and show howthis localization scheme, as a consequence of the Reeh-Schlieder theorem, failsto satisfy this criterion. I then examine the Newton-Wigner concept oflocalization and show that it fails to obey strong microcausality and thus issubject to a more general version of the Reeh-Schlieder theorem. I reviewapproaches to quantum field theoretic explanations of particle detection eventsand explain how particles can be regarded as emergent phenomena of arelativistic field theory. In particular, I show that effective localization ofHilbert space vectors is equivalent to an approximate locality of observablealgebras.